National Action Plan for renewable energy in Spain (PANER) 2011-2020
The National Action Plan for Renewable Energy (PANER), presented here, meets the requirements and methodology of the renewable energy Directive and the standard model action plans for renewable energy adopted by the European Commission.
This paper describes the PEMFC technology, which today is the most versatile in power variety and applications. Expected to have a great impact on the automotive, in portable applications and low power systems. In these fields have virtually no alternative, if we consider direct methanol cell as a PEM category. Despite its advantages, its market introduction is being slowed down because of its high cost and durability problems. The cost problem will be solved when the production on an industrial scale. Technological advances aimed at solving the problems of durability and goals in life in hours of service, described in this document.